Information Technology and its Revolution

What is information technology (IT)?

Information Technology consists of two words and a single term but it encloses in itself a vast measuring relating to any country’s development and progress, since it’s an era of computer the introduction of IT has proved to be quit useful. When the field of communication science was near to decline, another field of computer sciences arose which was felt beneficial in uprising the level of communication sciences; then they were being merged into one-another to form a new field called information technology or info tech or IT. In this technology computer is being used as a useful tool. We are living in an information age, bombarded with loads of information around us. Information technology is the use of science to store, handle, process and transmit information. Rapid changes are taking place in information technology every movement all over the world. Not too long ago, the telephone was once of the few means which we can use to communicate with a friend over seas. Today’s we have many other choices such as the fax machine and the computer Internet.

Definitions

When we learn study the latest information about the technology which is now-a-days enhanced to utilize these information’s practically and solve the requirement of the casual person is called as IT. Information Technology is the methods, for using modern technology for storing, processing, analyzing and communication of information. Modern technology includes big Networks on which data can process, store and travel from one location to other location. IT is the technology that mergers computing with high-speed communication link carrying data, sound and video. The Technology to store, send, receive, process and present the information is called Information Technology. Information Technology is now as vital as the air we breathe. Information technology is changing conventional meaning of time, distance, and space with cell phones, pages, machines and portable computers. IT is the mergers of two Sciences, i.e. Computer Sciences & High-speed Communication Sciences.

What is computer science?

Computer science is the field of study that deals with the structure and operations of computer systems, the study of computers including both hardware and software design. Computer sciences are composed of many board disciplines, including artificial and software engineering. Computer sciences were established as a discipline around the early 1960s. Most universities now offer bachelor, master and doctorate degrees in computer sciences.

What is communication science?

Communication science is the field of study that deals with the structure and operations of communication system. The external architecture of a computer involves electronic signals being passed from component to component. It is a natural extension of this idea to send signals out of the computer to another computer perhaps thousands of kilometers away, the field of study that deals with the exchange of information & ideas and data transmission accurse between two transmitters or receivers with the help of some medium. 

What is IT Revolution?

The growth in electronics over the past quarter century has been phenomenal. What we have seen is not an evolution in technology but a revolution. Our society, our businesses, our homes and our leisure activities are being transformed. Modern electronics is based upon the microprocessor; one form of microchip winch consists of miniature logic circuits etched onto the surface of a silicon chip. I these tiny circuits replace the enormous banks of glass valves used in the earliest computers of the 1940s and 19:50s. 

A computer that uses a microprocessor as its central processing unit is known as microcomputer or personal computer (PC). A microprocessor controls the entire operation of a microcomputer. Thus it is the brain of the microcomputer. The early computers processed information in the form of data. Modern computers are more powerful and can handle information in other forms, including graphics and speech. However they work on the same principles as the early models. The main difference between the computer of 30 years ago and the microchips of today lies in the tact that the latter are very small, very cheap, very reliable and very powerful. In fact, ever since the first chips were made in the early 1960s their power has increased every year while their cost has decreased. It is this fact continued over a quarter of a century that has caused the information revolution.

Microprocessors are now incorporated not just into computers but also into a wide range of other products from cameras to washing machines and cars. But what has an information processing device to do with a camera, washing machine or car? The answer is that the microprocessor is used as a control mechanism in many of these products. Microprocessors are now so cheap and so small that they can he incorporated into any device that can benefit from the power of the computer. The IT revolution is the fastest emerging revolution seen by the human race. And the Internet surpasses all. Electricity was first introduced in 1873 and it took 46 years for its mass scale use, telephone introduced in 1876 and took 35 years for mass use. Television introduced in 1926 took 26 years for mass use. PC introduced in 1975 took 16 years; mobile phone in 1983 took 13 years for mass use while the web introduced in 1994 took only 4 years for mass use. While in the United States 57 per cent Americans have Internet access, it is said that only 0.6 per cent people living in the developing countries can access the Internet. In Pakistan, Information Technology is fast becoming a necessity. With the shrinking global scenario, Pakistan urgently needs to revolutionize its Information Technology infrastructure.

What is the role of microprocessor in IT revolution?

Information Technology is based upon the microprocessor. A microprocessor is a single IC chip that performs all the processing on data and controls the operation of the entire computer system. Modern digital computers are very powerful electronic machines and have the capabilities to handle data in graphics and speech forms also. Today's microcomputers are very small very cheap, very reliable and very powerful. Since the first IC chips were made in early 1960s, their power has increased every year while their cost has decreased and this has caused the information revolution.

The role of Microprocessor in all industries is well established. They are used in instrumentation, transportation, military equipments like tanks, radars etc. communication, automatic testing products, lift control, speed control of motors, automatic control of generator's voltage, fuel control of furnaces etc. Microcomputers play a dominant role in all spheres of our life and outcome is the evolution of microprocessors itself.